A variable frequency drive or frequency inverter is a type of motor control that drives an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. In addition, it is able to control engine start-up and shut-down during starting and stopping, respectively.
Frequency inverter also called frequency converter, it is a power control conversion device to convert normal power supply (50Hz or 60Hz) to another frequency power by inner power semiconductor on/off behaviors, to control electric motors in variable speed operations.
The frequency inverter is mainly consisted of rectifier (AC to DC), filter, inverter (DC to AC) , braking unit, drive unit, detection unit and micro processing unit etc. The control circuit controls main circuit, the rectifier circuit converts AC power into DC power, DC intermediate circuit smoothing the rectifier circuit output, then the inverter circuit reverse DC current into AC current again.
There are many reasons why we should adjust the engine speed.
Examples:
- For saving energy and improving the efficiency of systems
- For power conversion in hybridization applications
- For adapting the speed to the process requirements
- For adapting the torque or power of a drive to the process requirements
- For the improvement of the working environment
- For a lower noise level, for example with fans and pumps
- For reducing the mechanical load on machines to extend their service life
- For peak load reduction to avoid peak demand charges and reduce the required motor size.
The most common applications of a frequency inverter are the control of fans, pumps and compressors. These applications account for 75 % of all drives operating worldwide.
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